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Traditional mechanical processing is done by manually operating ordinary machine tools. During processing, the mechanical tools are shaken by hand to cut metal, and the accuracy of the product is measured using tools such as calipers with the eyes. Modern industry has long used computer digitally controlled machine tools for operations, and CNC machine tools can automatically process any product and component according to pre programmed programs by technicians. This is what we call "CNC machining". CNC machining is widely used in any field of mechanical processing, and it is also a development trend and an important and necessary technical means for mold processing.
What is CNC technology?
Computer digital control, abbreviated as Numerical Control. It is a method of using digital information to control the movement and processing of machine tools. A machine tool that implements machining control using CNC technology, or a machine tool equipped with a CNC system, is called a CNC machine tool. The CNC system includes: CNC devices, programmable controllers, spindle drivers, and feed devices. CNC machine tools are highly integrated products of mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, and optical technology. To achieve control of the machine tool, it is necessary to use geometric information to describe the relative motion between the tool and the workpiece, as well as process information to describe some process parameters that the machine tool must have for processing. For example: feed speed, spindle speed, spindle forward and reverse rotation, tool change, coolant switch, etc. The information is formed into processing files (normally referred to as NC processing programs) in a certain format and stored on information carriers (such as magnetic disks, punched tape, magnetic tapes, etc.), which are then read in by the NC system on the machine tool (or input directly through the keyboard of the NC system, or input through communication), and decoded to enable the machine tool to act and process parts. Modern NC machine tools are typical products of electromechanical integration, and are a new generation of production technology The technical foundation of computer integrated manufacturing systems, etc.
The development trend of modern CNC machine tools is high-speed, high-precision, high reliability, multifunctional, composite, intelligent, and open structure. The main development trend is to develop intelligent and fully functional universal CNC devices with open architecture in both software and hardware. CNC technology is the foundation of mechanical processing automation and the core technology of CNC machine tools. Its level is related to the national strategic position and reflects the level of national comprehensive strength It has developed with the development of information technology, microelectronics technology, automation technology, and detection technology. CNC machining center is a CNC machine tool with a tool library and automatic tool replacement, which can perform various machining operations on workpieces within a certain range. The characteristic of machining parts on a machining center is that after the processed parts are clamped once, the CNC system can control the machine tool to automatically select and replace cutting tools according to different processes; Automatically change the spindle speed, feed rate, and the motion trajectory of the tool relative to the workpiece, as well as other auxiliary functions, to continuously perform multi process machining on each machining surface of the workpiece, such as drilling, spot faceting, reaming, boring, threading, milling, etc. Due to the ability of the machining center to centrally and automatically complete multiple processes, it avoids human operational errors, reduces the time for workpiece clamping, measurement, and machine tool adjustment, as well as the turnover, transportation, and storage time of workpieces, greatly improving machining efficiency and accuracy, thus having good economic benefits. The machining center can be divided into vertical machining centers and horizontal machining centers based on the position of the spindle in space.
CNC technology and equipment are enabling technologies and the most basic equipment for developing emerging technology industries. Numeric control technology is widely used in the information industry, biotechnology industry, aviation, aerospace and other defense industries around the world to improve manufacturing capabilities and levels, as well as enhance market adaptability and competitiveness. Industrial developed countries also list CNC technology and equipment as national strategic materials, not only vigorously developing their own CNC technology and industry, but also implementing lockdown and restriction policies on China's "high precision" CNC key technologies and equipment. Therefore, vigorously developing advanced manufacturing technology with CNC technology as the core has become an important way for developed countries around the world to accelerate economic development, improve comprehensive national strength and national status.
